November 1, 2001Z³N}Ônì!N¾p}\¢*t * N{ËZ| p{¨©Ðm¢7. b¥Äm{N}n zt=x¶p{¨|ðN¢ ÷d+ b¶q{=
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zvÒb{¨ù¨m¢im{¨p²N{Á\{= p{¨|d{p{q{m¥m}ðN¢ Am¾Q{ÚN{m{=N}b{ð p²¨\¢N{o+ ¹±td{¨â Hze¦Õ\¾ Q{¨Ðm¢=ç=b¢. Am¾Q{Ú=Q} Ûi_{N}n=Z· ÷d+ q{m¥m{= D=\}ö. Bo|d¶ b¶q}n¨Q{ª\} _{p{¨ ÛzeW|x¶p{¨=N¾zt= Vd}k}d{¨ zvÒb{¨o¾ D=T{¨N¼ð ÷d+ b¶q}n¨Q} p{¨|m}ö. `` ztm¶ßVd}> zt¨âP¡d¾k{p{=_{¨ '' @d¶ b¥p²d{ ðV=N}p}n=Z· b¶q{= Vd}k} _{N{¨Áp{Q} D=T{\{= @p{ztm{=.8. p{¨d{ h}~to+ zg«Úl{¨o+â ~tø¹o²W·zrd+
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Ûzeze=T{p{¨=_{Z| h}~to+ zg«Úl{¨o+â p}\{N{= zvÒb{¨o¶N{¨=\} ±em¢Q¢f½_{¨=b¢. ÛzeÑzt¨_{= @p²¨m¢N{Þd{¨p}\¶ ÛN{ª\+ Al¨o+ o¾ 60% B_{m{b¶q}nd{¨=ç p{Ðu½=b¢. \¢p{¨|=\{¨ ztÞº±eÑu}l¨N¢±em{Q{\{=_¾ @p²¨m¢N}o¾ ±eÛZ¾n¨, d¶T{¨m{o+ Q}zt¨, £vZ¡=Q{¨Al¨o+, Iøl¶¨zrd+ Q}u»÷d{¨ c{m{nñÔ ±em¢Q¢f½_{¨d{Ôl¨. @=b{¨p{Þn @p²¨m¢N}Û±e~t\²=Z¨ _{m{T{¨Q} OPEC b¶q}nd{¨ ÛN{ª\+ Al¨o+ Ûf»\{x{d+ ±e=T{p{¨ñ, c{m{n¨ _{ÃQ¢=T{p{¨ñ inp{=_{= T²l{¨Ú\{= T{ªÐztªd¶ Dd}Ô=.B_{m{ Hd{Èm¥u½m{¨ân¨ N{ð±eËZ\}ðN¢ b¥Äm{N}n=d{¨=è ïÛp{Ûzel{¨_}Ôn¨ Vm{¨Q{¨_{¨d}Ô B=_{p{m{N{ª ±eÒb{p²¨¨Ð_}no¾ Hd{Èm¥ nk{Úp{¨l¶¨ÚÞZ¨T¶µt k{Ûb{¹p²¨d{ N¼Ð_{zeÓb{_{¨o¶ù N{ð±eËZi\{o¶b{¨. ±em{¨Q{¨_{¨d{Ô Vd}k}p{¨©o|d{ p}\{¨N{o¾d{¨d{Ô p{¨d{ Z³N}ÔnìnðÔZ¡N¥ h}~to+ zg«Úl{¨o+â d{¨=çp{T¶Æ Hd{Èm¥ m¾ím¾íN¥ HN{¨Áp{ @p{ztm{= @p{¦_¾=b¢. @=b{¨p{Þn p{¨d{ ÛzeÑzt¨_{ ~tø¹o²W·zrd+ ð `` h}~to+zg«Úl{¨o+â ~tø¹o²W·zrd+ '' @ð ~en¨p{p{T{¨Æ. h}~to+ zg«Úl{¨o+â o¶N{¨=\} C ~tø¹o²W·zrðÔ ÛzeÑzt¨_{ Ñu}l¨o¾ HN{¨Áp{N}n= ðnzeQ{np{¨d{¨N¾\}ðN¢ Bze¦Õ\{¨ Ac}m}n¨o¶p{¦.
`` ¹±t=Z¡Ëzt¨n¨ N¼Ð_{ Hd{Èm¥u½m{¨ân¨ N{ð±eÐ\}m{¨o¶! '' @d¶ Aq{_¾ Vd}k}ð BzeÕZ¡o|Q¶ øT{Ænø\¢Q} ±em{Q{ðp{ß\{= üðN{m{= @ð _¾Ðu½=b¢.
`` b¥zep{¨¨d{Ôze¦Õ\¶ BÞn¨ T{N{Áj²ËZ¨N¾p}ö ''
@ð u}p²¨_{ T²~eÕd{ÞZ¨ ù¹o²d{=_{ _{ßm{o¾ Vd}k}d{¨ @b{¨ze¦o¾±eËZ¡ h}~to+ zg«Úl{¨o+â p}\{N}ðÔ _{ÃQ¢=T{¨N¾p{\{= p{¨=çb¢.
9. p{¨_}c¢ze_{¨n A=x{n¨
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```` j²Ðm{¨N{=ÛZ¾n¨p}\¢_¶ d{m{N}ðN¢ f½_}p{¦ '' @ð p{¨| p{¨_}c¢zeî T²Ðze¦d}Ôm{¨, p¶¨p{¨¨ Iø¨T²l{¨ÚQ{n= ?'' @ð N¼=b{m{¨ @\{¨Q{¨_{¨d}Ôm{¨.p{¨_}c¢ze_{¨o²p{ßm{ª BzeÕZ¡zem¢Ñ~t_{¨nd{¨ Q{p{¨ð=T{\{=o¶b{¨. p}w{§ä T{b¢p¶ ze¦ÐztN}nñÔ T}o| N}n=ÛN¢_{= m{ç=T{i\¢d{ø. A N}n=o¾ p{¨|d{p{Vd}k} izv§_{N{¨Áp{Q} D=\¶b¢; ÛzeN{¬î @=_{¨o¶ðb¥, d}q{d{=o¶ðb¥Q} N{d{ze\¶b¢. Bze¦Õ\{¨ C øzrl{¨|nñÔ _}m{¨p{¨|m{¨ @l¨d{ÞZ¨ p}w{§ä ÛQ{~v=T{\{=o¶b{¨. @=_¶N}N{ N¼=_{p{¨=b¢ p{¨_}c¢ze_{¨nN{¨ _{p{¨ p{¨_{Ñzt¨nzt=OÚ T}o| HN{¨Áp{ @ð i\}l¨N¼ËZ|nð D=\{p{T{¨Æ, _{p{¨ p{¨_{Ñzt¨n¨ HN{¨Á¹p²_¶ _{p{¨N{¨ b}d}n¨ HN{¨Áp{ p{Ðu}l{¨d¶ µem}zt D=\{p{T{¨Æ. Bo|=Z¡ i\}l¨nª, µem}ztnª, p{¨_{ztªÐN{¨nN{¨ øm{¨Ób{= Jd} p{¨|d{p{p{¨|_{¬¹o²d{ p{¨_}c¢ze_{¨nN{¨ C k}p}n¨ D=\{p{T{¨Æ.
C Ûzeq{Ô p¶~td{p}m¢N¢ d¶d{¨ Bo| T²Ðf}d{¨. `` p{¨|d{p{¦nd{¨ zt¬Ë~r=çd{ b¶p{¦\¶ ø¨Q{_}ìp{¦nd{©, ÛzeN{¬îñ zt¬Ë~r=T}\{¨ N{b}. ±em¢Q¢f½_{¨d{Ô p{¨|d{p{Vd}k} B_{m{ìp{¦nd{¨ ze«Ðm¢Q} c{ß=zt=T¶Ðu½=Z· A ¹b²p{= ðztâül{¨=Q} H=b{¨N{¨ Em{¨N{¨=Z¨d}Ô\¾ Ao¾ç=T{=\¢ '' @ð. ðW|ðN¢ BzeÕZ¡ zem¢Ñ~t_{¨Þo¾ @=b{m{ª p{¨|d{p{Vd}k}ð zvÒb{¨o¾D=T{\}ðN¢ _¾\{Õ\¢_¶ A ¹b²p{= T}o| zt=_¾~rÐu}\{ð d¶d{=Z|d{¨. C øzrl{¨= T²Ðze« `` j²Ðm{¨N{=ÛZ¾o+ ð~rÓb{= '' @d¶ p}w{ä p{¨_{~tÓb}=_{= T}o| _{ze¦Õ @ð p{¨_}c¢ze_{¨nN{¨ p{N}Á^¡=ç T²zeÕp{¨=Z|d{¨.
10 f»nªÚzrd+ / N¢ u»nªÚzrd+
---------------------------p{¨d{= Bze¦Õ\{¨ p}\{¨_{¨d{Ô Z³N}Ônìn¨ zen¨m{N}n f»nªÚzrÞd{ð k{ªø¨ù¨b}; ñZ¡p{d{m{¨nª, ztp{¨¨Ûb{Vo|Þo¾d{©; Q}öo¾d{© ø\{¨b{n T¶Ðzt¨d}Ôl¨.
N{Ãn¨_{¨d{Ô f»nªÚzrd+ ð _¶öÃQ} ïµtµt Z³N}Ônìn¨ \²p{n*e T²l{¨Ú\}ðN¢ Ûzek{¨_}ßn¨ T}o|p{Úl{¨= T¶Ðzt¨d}Ôl¨. N}ñ @o|=Z¡ Z³N}Ônì N{ð±eËZ¡ Dzel²©Q{=o¾ ±eËZ¡d}, b}ðp{Þn N¼Ð_{m{N{= f»nªÚzrd+ _{l{¨|m{p{¦_{¨=b¢. N{d{¨N{ Vm{¨Q{¨_{¨d{Ô f»nªÚzrd+ _¶µtµt N¼Ð_{ Z³N}Ônìnd{¨ \²p{n*e T²l{¨Ú\{=_¾ f»nªÚzrd+ N{=ÛZ¾n¨ T²l{¨Ú\{= @zt=k}p{=. b¥ðN¶ d¶d{¨ `` p{¨©Ðm¢ N}n¨zrÚ ~tÓb}=_{= ''(Murty's Law on Pollution) @ð d}p{¨N{m{^= T¶u}d{¨.
HðÔ Z³N}Ônìn¨ \²p{n*e T¶~td}, Vd}k} ±em{¨Q{¨_{¨d{ÔN¼Òb¥ f»nªÚzrd+ ±em{¨Q{¨_{ªd¶ D=Z¨=b¢. f»nªÚzrd+ ð N{=ÛZ¾o+ T²l{¨Ú\}ðN¢ C ÛN¢=b¢ø T}o| @p{ztm{=.
1. Vd}k} zvÒb{¨o¾ D=T{\{=
2. _{N{¨Áp{ f»nªÚzrd+ N{Ãö=T¶ ìp{d{øc}d}nd{¨ @p{n=ô=T{\{=.
N{ð±eËZj¾l¶¨ N¼Ð_{ Z³N}Ônìn¨, Vd}k} ±em{¨Q{¨_{¨d}Ô f»nªÚzrd+ ð N{=ÛZ¾o+ T¶~t, p{¨|d{p{W|îN¢ @=_{¨o¶ð Hd{Èm¥ð @=b¢=ç, ÛzeN{¬îð m{x¢=T¶Ðu}l{¨d¶ Aq{ KN{ H=\{p{¨|ø.
11. ù¨m{¨ Ho| ztül{¨= T²l{¨ÚQ{nm{¨?
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èN{Z¡ð î\{¨_{ª N{ªm¾ÆN{
ù¹o²_¶ çm{¨b¥ze= p²Ãö=T{¨@ð u}p²¨_{ T²Ðze¦=b¢. N¼Ð_{_{m{= p}w{äN¢ p{¨¨=b{=V ïzt¨N¼ð Z³N}Ônì p²Ðw{§d{Ô b}m¢ p{¨|m{Æ\}ðN¢ p{¨d{= Ûf½_}âzv= Bp}ßö. p{¨|m{¨Õn¨ ïzt¨N{¨m}p{\}ðN¢ p{ÚÐN¢Q{_{=Q} T²l{¨ÚQ{Ãöd{ ztül{¨|ðN¢ N¼ðÔ Db}zvm{^nd{¨ BÐu}d{¨ BN{Á\{.
11.1. Vd}k} zvÒb{¨o¾ D=T{\}ðN¢ Vm¢Q¶ Ûzel{¨_}ÔnN{¨ T¶l{¨©_{
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p{¨d{ ze«m¥ßN{¨n¨ _{N{¨Áp{ zt=_}d{= N{Ãn\{= @=Z· k{l{¨zeÍ\}m{¨Q}ñ, p}w{äN{¨ @c¢N{zt=_}d{õî N{Ãöd{ÞZ¨ o¶b{¨. Bze¦Õ\{¨ Ûzeze=T{p{¨=_{Z| Vd}k} HN{¨Áp{l¨f½l¨ Hp{ßm¢N¥ Iø¨ T²l{¨|Úo¾ _²öl{¨\{=o¶b{¨. @=b{¨p{Þn C N}n= @c¢N{Vd}k}ztp{¨ztÚ ïm¶Æ b}m¢ T{ª~e=T{p{¨ð N¾m¶ DÒb¶q{=_¾, i¬zvb}m{^ÚN¾zeðzrÐ_{¨o¾ B=_{N{¨p{¨¨=b{¨ T²~eÕd{ Þq¾N}ðN¢ 4p{ f}b{= N{öÕ=ç Bo| ze«Ðm¢ T¶u}d{¨.
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@zt_¾ p{¨| ztÃb{p{¨l{¨
_{p{¨u½ p{¨| W¾ÚîÃm{p{¨l{¨
p{¨¬_¾Ú p{¨|p{¨¬_{= Q{p{¨l{¨
@c¢N{zt=_}d¾ p{¨| ø¨_{ zt=_}d{> Q{p{¨l{¨.
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Vd}k} _{ÃQ¢=T{\{= ¹T²d}, B=\¢l{¨|Þo|=Z¡ b¶q}Þo¾d¶N}b{¨; @p²¨m¢N}, l{¨©m{*e,N²d{\}Þo¾d{©, Ûzeze=T{p{¨=_{Z| @_{Úp{ztm{=.ztßl{¨=Q} u»=_{N{¨Z¨=i=o¾ zt=_}d{ðl{¨=Û_{^= @p{n=ò=ç B_{m{¨nN{¨ b}m¢ T{ª~e=T{\{= @=b{m{ª T²l{¨ÚQ{n Q¼zeÕ ztül{¨=. d¶¹d²_¶ p{¨| B=ÞZ¾ 2p{ òÍ\{ ze¦ËZ¡d{p²=Zd¶ p}±tËN{ù¨ T¶l¨=T{¨N{¨d}Ôd{¨.
2000 zt=p{_{âm{=o¾ Vm¢Q¢d{ KN{øzrl{¨= BN{Á\{ T²Ðf}d{¨. A zt=p{_{âm{=o¾ ÛòZ¤zr¨Ûzec}d{p{¨=Ûî N{¨Z¨=i=o¾ 4p{ òÍ\{ ze¦ËZ¡d{ÞZ¨ Ûzep{¨¨Op}Ðm{ Ûzeze=T{p{¨=_{Z| øðÕ=ç=b¢. C b{=ze_{¨nd{¨ p¶o²ÐîT{ª~e=ç p{ÚÐN¢Q{_{=Q} øp{¨m¢à=T{\{= d} DÒb¶q{= N}b{¨, N}ñ C p}Ðm{d{¨ KN{ f}l¨=Z¨ T²zeÕ\}ðN¢ p}\{¨_{¨d{Ô=b{¨N{¨ p}w{äd{¨=ç x{p{¨|ze^ N¾m{¨N{¨=Z¨d}Ôd{¨. `` l{¨c} m}W| _{c} ÛzeW| '' @=Z|m{¨Q{b}, Bb¢ ÛzeVnN{¨ p{¨=ç_¾p{d{¨ T{ª~eÐzt¨=b{ð d}N{¨ @ð~e=T{\{=o¶b{¨.
11.2. p{¦\+ Ûf½\{ËN{¨n¨ p}\{N{= _{ÃQ¢=T{\{=
----------------------------------------------ù¨ j}_+ m{ªp{¨¨o¾ `` ò\¶ ø_+ p{Ëm¢N{o+ µtÕÝ '' o¶N{ Bo|=Z¡p¶ ø¨Q{_} zeðp{¨¨ÞZ¨ ±eËZ¡=T{¨N{¨=Z·, ù¨ B=ÞZ¾ Z|l¨o²Z+ Z¡ztªÚ p}\¶ @p{ztm{p¶¨ D=\{b{¨. b¥ðp{Þn ztªl¶¨ë _{ÃQ{¨_{¨=b¢, N¼ðÔ T²ÞZd{¨ m{x¢=çd{ ze¦^Ú= nôÐzt¨=b¢.
ù¹o²d{=_{p{m{N{ª d{©Ú*t µezeÞm{ª, p¶¨Q{ìÞd{© N¼d{\{= _{ÃQ¢=T{p{T{¨Æ. C p{¨c{Ú ùZ¡ð B=Zm+ d²Z+ ù¨b{ T{b{p{\{= _¶öN{l¨Ú=b¢. o¶N{, ù¨ A£gzt¨o¾ d{©Ú*t µezem{¨ p{Ðztª=Z·, b}ðÔ m}Ûî N}ñ, p{¨m{¨ztZ¡m¾í N}ñ ù¨m{¨ B=Z¡N¢ _²T{¨ÆN¼ð T{b{¨p{¦N¾p{T{¨Æ. Bp¶ù N{¨b{m{N{ ù¨m{¨ ùZ¡ð N¼=Z·, N{ñzt= A N}£end{¨ N¼=_{p{¨=b¢ µtÔ~v_{¨n_¾ µrm{¨ T¶zt¨N¾p{T{¨Æ.
µezem{¨ÞµeÞZ©, ˺±tm¾h½p+¨ ÞµeÞZ©, µezem{¨d¶~eÁÞd{©, Q¢Ëzg¦m}ze¦nª p{¹Q²m}p}Z¡ p}\{N{= _¶öÃQ} _{ÃQ¢=T{p{T{¨Æ.
ù¨m{¨ N¼Ð_{Q} BÞn¨ N{ËZ¡=T{¨N{¨=Z· ò\¶ ø_+ p{Ëm¢N{o+ µtÕÝ Ûzeî j}_+ m{ªp{¨¨Þo¾d{© ±eËZ¡=T{p{T{¨Æ. p{¦\+ ¹±t\¢=Q{¨ ib{¨n¨ ø¹d²o+ ¹±t\¢=Q{¨, p{¦\+ N¢Z¡N¥nib{¨n¨ HÛN¢öN+ o¶N{ ø¹d²o+ N¢Z¡N¥n¨, p{¦\+ Þh½m¢=Q{¨ ib{¨n¨ ~tm{ø¨N+ ¹Z³n¨Þh½m¢=Q{¨, p{¦\+ \²N+ ib{¨n¨ ø¹d²n¨\²N+ ±eËZ¡=T{¨N¾p{T{¨Æ.
11.3. ~eÞnnN{¨ ÛzeN{¬î u¿=b{m}Úôp{¨|d{= d¶m¢Õ=T{\{=
------------------------ -------------------------------T{N{ÁZ¡ p{¬x}nd{¨T{ª~t _{d{Ùl{¨_{ß=T²=b¶ ~eÞnnd{¨ T{ª\{\{= T}o|@m{¨b{¨ C m¾íÞo¾. ~eÞnnzt=Q{_²=b{¨N{¨, @o|=Z¡ ±eÒb{p}w{§ä N{ª\} HN{¨Áp{p{¨=b¢ N{d{ze\{m{¨. BzeÕZ¡ H\{¨ÚN¶zrd+ ÛzeN{¬îu¿=b{m}ÚðÔ @d{¨k{ø=T{\{= d¶m¢Õ=T{N{f½p{\{p¶¨ b¥ðN¢ N}m{^=.
ù¨ b¼Í\¢o¾ DÐî o|d+ ±e=ç _{¬Ð~eT²=b{p{¨|N{=\¢. ù¨ ~eÞnn ztzvl{¨=_¾ ù¹o²d{ðÔ T²ÞZ¨d}Z¡ ±e=T{=\¢. ù¨ ~eÞnnN{¨ ÛzeN{¬î u¿=b{m}ÚðÔ @ôp{¨|ð=T{\{= d¶m¢Õ=T{=\¢.
11.4. p{¨=çø N}ð Z³N}Ônìnd{¨ îm{ztÁm¢=T{\{=
----------------------------------------------------p{¨b{Úf}ñl{¨|nª, N}£g, Z¤, u}Ëzg¦Û\¢=N{¨n¨, T}N¼o²Z+, p{¹Q²m}ø q{m¥m{f½zr^N{p{ztm{=N}ð Aüm{p{Ðzt¨p{¦n¨. ùZ¡ _{l{¨|m¥N{ð Ûb}x{, N}£g, Z¤, T}N¼o²Z+ _¾Zn¨ ±e=T{\}ðN¢ H=_¾k{ªø¨ð p{¨d{= ÛzeN{¬îd{¨=ç AÛN{ø¨=T{¨N{¨d}Ô=. C p{Ðzt¨p{¦n p}\{N{= ±em¢Q¶N¼Òb¥ B=N} HN{¨Áp{ k{ªø¨ p{¨|d{p}ÛN{p{¨^ÛN¢=b{N{¨ p{Ðzt¨=b¢. Bo|=Z¡ zeb}Óm}n p}\{N{= _{ÃQ¢=T{¨N¾p{\{= ÛzeN{¬îm{x{^N{¨ ztül{¨= @p{¦_{¨=b¢.
Q¼zeÕ µem{¨d{Ô ¹±t=Z¡Ëzt¨n¨ T²µeÕp{ñÔ p{¨=çøzrl{¨|o¶ @ð Q{¨Í\¢Q} d{p{¨ÙN{=\¢. KN{ Db}zvm{^ BÐu}d{¨. C p{¨c{Ú H\{ßÍm{¨ Z³Þnm+ @d¶ KN{ zRm}d} @p²¨m¢N{d+ ¹±t=Z¡Ëzt¨ ÞQ¾io+ p}m¢Ù=Q{¨ m{Òb{¨ T²l{¨Ú\}ðN¢ KN{ ÛzeÐu}p{d{ T¶u}\{ð p}Ðm{Þo¾ ød}Ôd{¨. C p{¨üd{¨k}p{¦\¢Ûf½b{×n= p{¨©o|d¶ @p²¨m¢N} Ûzek{¨_{ß= 1950 b{q}Òi=o¾ ¹±vÛ\¼Vd+ j}=i¨ ðm¢Ù=T}m{ð øðN¢\¢. Cl{¨d{N{¨ @p²¨m¢N}Ûzek{¨_{ßzem¢c¢o¾ zen¨N{¨i\¢ p²¨=\{¨.
p}_}p{m{^=o¾ b{¨p{¨¨Ù ztªm{Úm{úÙo¾ N¼=_{k}Q}ðÔ µtÕ*t o¾N¢ m¢Þ±gËN{¨ T¶µtÐzt¨=b¢. b¥ðp{Þn ztªm{Úm{úÙd{¨=ç k{ªø¨ Hj}âm+× T¶µt Hd{Èm¥ _{ÃQ{¨_{¨=b¢.
Al{¨d{ Ûzef½Vo+ Iø¨Z=Z· `` \{Ëzt¨j}=i¨n¨ '' _{l{¨|m{¨T¶~t, p}Z¡ð Ûu}Z¼~tÖl{¨m+ o¾ ÛµenÆ\{=. b¥ðp{Þn Ûu}Z¼~tÖl{¨m+ o¾ \{Ëzt¨f»m{ Im{Õ\¢, @b¢ ztªm{Úm{úÙo¾ N¼=_{k}Q}ðÔ @N{Á\{d{¨=T¶ µtÕ*t o¾N¢ m¢Þ±gËN{¨ T¶~t ÞQ¾io+ p}m¢Ù=Q{¨d{¨ m{Òb{¨T¶Ðzt¨=b{ð Al{¨d{ T²f}Õm{Z. Ûu}Z¼~tÖl{¨m+ o¾ @o| Im{Õm{çd{ \{Ëzt¨f»m{ T}o| zt=p{_{âm}n¨ @N{Á\¶ _¶n¨_{ª D=Z¨=b¢. b¥ð_¾, p{¨d{= h}~to+ zg«Úl{¨o+â p}\{N{= _{ÃQ¢=T{d{p{ztm{=o¶N{¨=\} ÞQ¾io+ p}m¢Ù=Q{¨d{¨ m{Òb{¨ T¶±tl{¨ÚT{Æð Al{¨d{ @d}Ôm{Z.
ød{\}ðN¢ C zec{N{= j}Q}d¶D=b¢. N}ñ Im{Õm{çd{ \{Ëzt¨f»m{ p{¨m¥ HN{¨Áp{ ztªm{Úm{úÙð µtÕzt¨o¾N¢ m¢Þ±gËN{¨T¶Ðµt k{ªø¨ T}o| T{Þni\{\}ðN¢ @p{N}q{= D=b¢. @b¢ Vm¢Q¢_¶ p{¨d{= Iù¨ T²l{¨Úo¶p{¨¨, H=b{¨N{=Z· Im{Õ\¢d{ \{Ëzt¨f»m{d{¨ ï±tl{¨Ú\{= T}o| N{Ëzr¹p²¨d{ zeð. @f}l{¨|ðÔ N{Ãö=T{Q{n Bo|=Z¡ Z³N}ÔnìnN{¨ ztf½Ëm{¨ Bp{ßN{¨=\} p{Úîm¶N¢=T{\{= p{¨d{ j}c{Ú_{.
Bo|d¶ ù¨ N{nÕd}q{ÐN¢p}\¢ ÛzeN{¬îm{x{^N{¨ ù¹o²d{=_{ztül{¨= T²l{¨Ú=\¢.
12. m¢zgm²d{¨ân¨
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[1] Report ``North Pole is Watery, Warmer'', Detroit Free Press, 22 August 2000.[2] Report ``A Growing Coral Crisis -- Overfishing and Global Warming Are Killing Reefs Around the World. Is it Too Late to save Them?'', Newsweek, 30 October 2000.
[3] K. G. Murty, ``Green House Gas Pollution in the stratosphere Due to Increasing Airplane Traffic, Effects on the Environment'', Dept. of IOE, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Nov. 2000. Can be seen on the webpage -- http --//www-personal.engin.umich.edu/~murty/ under the section``Articles on societal problems''.
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